L3 Solve One-Step Addition and Subtraction Word Problems

This engaging Year 4 maths lesson on addition and subtraction word problems helps pupils apply their understanding of place value and calculation strategies to solve real-life problems involving 4-digit numbers. Through discussion, modelling and hands-on activities, children learn how to identify the correct operation, extract key information and calculate accurate answers. The lesson begins with a practical starter activity where pupils use place value counters (thousands, hundreds, tens and ones) to physically act out mathematical stories. Working in pairs or small groups, children model addition and subtraction scenarios using counters, including exchanging where needed. This visual and kinaesthetic approach helps pupils identify relevant information within a problem and build confidence when solving multi-digit calculations. During the introduction, pupils explore how word problems can be viewed as short stories. They analyse examples together, identifying key vocabulary such as how many left, how many now and joined to determine whether addition or subtraction is required. Pupils then match word problems to the correct calculations and answers, reinforcing the process of translating a problem into a mathematical calculation. The independent activity provides pupils with a set of word problem stickers. Children select problems, stick them into their maths books, identify the important information and write the corresponding addition or subtraction calculation. They then solve the problem, using Base 10 equipment or place value counters to support their understanding of exchanges when necessary. An answer sheet is included for checking and discussion. In the plenary, pupils demonstrate their understanding by creating their own maths word problems for a partner to solve. They can use visual prompts and numbers provided on the board or invent their own stories. This encourages creativity while reinforcing the structure of word problems and the importance of cl